Climaturk
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A team of meteorological engineers

Contact [email protected]

We are a team of meteorological engineers with degrees from Istanbul Technical University (İTÜ), ETH Zurich and EPFL. Climaturk grew out of our own research on Türkiye's precipitation extremes and urban climate: we built it so that the data we work with every day would be just as easy for students, researchers, forecasters and weather-driven businesses to explore themselves.

It has since grown into a complete weather and climate lab, free in the browser and on a phone: the climate since 1940, the weather observed in the last hours, forecasts from the world's leading models beside WRFTurk, our own 3 km model of western Türkiye, the months ahead and the climate to 2100. Every map is drawn from openly published data, and can be saved, shared or explored further, in English, Turkish and German.

Six ways to look at the atmosphere

The Lab's chapters follow time itself, from 1940 to 2100: the past, the present, the days and months ahead, the century; its Events tell the stories in between. Pick a place, a continent or the whole globe, and move from one to the next.

the first year of the ERA5 record
1940
forecast models: 8 for the weather, 2 for the ocean and air, 9 seasonal
19
climate models, to 2100
34
weather and climate events
81
languages: English, Türkçe, Deutsch
3

Since 1940

Climate

More than eighty-five years of the atmosphere, hour by hour, and what is normal for any place.

  • ERA5 maps of over 30 variables, near the ground and aloft, from heat stress and snow to vertical motion, θe and potential vorticity: by the hour, day, month, season or year
  • For any point: its time series, seasonal cycle and trend against a normal period you choose, beside climate indices such as ENSO, the NAO and the IOD
  • Skew-T soundings, hodographs, and vertical cross-sections along any line in a window of their own: temperature and θ, winds, PV and the tropopause, humidity, ascent and clouds
  • ECMWF's operational IFS analysis every six hours since 2011, beside ERA5
  • Aerosols from NASA MERRA-2 and Copernicus CAMS: dust, smoke, sea salt, sulphate and PM2.5, with their normals, anomalies and trends
  • Land and sea: drought in Europe from the EU Drought Observatory, the ocean's heat from Mercator Ocean, and the sun's energy, soil wetness and degree days from NASA POWER

ECMWF ERA5 · ECMWF IFS · NASA MERRA-2 · Copernicus CAMS · EDO · Copernicus Marine · NASA POWER

The last hours

Now

The weather as it is being observed, from the ground, the sky and space.

  • Reports from thousands of airports and national networks, drawn as station plots
  • The latest GOES, Meteosat and Himawari imagery, in natural colour and infrared
  • Radar worldwide with its storm cells, and lightning over the Americas from the GOES lightning mappers
  • Tropical cyclones with their tracks, forecast cones and the ECMWF ensemble's paths
  • US rivers from NOAA's National Water Model, and the ocean's heat beneath the other layers
  • Radiosonde soundings, smoke, dust and trace gases from satellites, and greenhouse-gas records from NOAA's stations
  • Layers stacked in the order you choose, each with its own opacity

NOAA · NASA · ECMWF · national weather services · RainViewer

Up to 35 days ahead

Forecast

Eight weather models side by side, our own among them, and how far to trust them.

  • ECMWF IFS and AIFS, the IFS ensemble, NOAA GFS, GEFS and HRRR, and DWD ICON-EU
  • WRFTurk: Climaturk's own 3 km WRF run over western Türkiye, four times a day in 15-minute steps, its rain checked against NASA's IMERG
  • Maps with animated wind, isobars and barbs, near the ground and aloft, played through the run
  • Vertical cross-sections through the run, and low tracks: where its lows go, as plumes as wide as each low is deep
  • Warnings where the forecast passes a threshold: heat, heavy rain, heatwaves and cold spells
  • A meteogram for any point, Compare models, Run trend, and the weather regimes of the ECMWF and NOAA ensembles
  • The air five days ahead from CAMS Global (PM2.5, NO₂, ozone, dust, the UV index) against WHO and EU limits, and the ocean's heat ten days ahead from Mercator Ocean

ECMWF · NOAA · DWD · Climaturk WRFTurk · Copernicus · NASA IMERG

Up to 6 months ahead

Seasonal

Which way the coming months lean: warmer or colder, wetter or drier than normal.

  • Nine seasonal forecast models from Copernicus (ECMWF, UK Met Office, Météo-France, DWD, CMCC, NCEP, JMA, ECCC and BoM) and their multi-model average
  • Temperature, precipitation, pressure, sea-surface temperature and wind, month by month for six months
  • Maps of the anomaly against 1993–2016, of the forecast itself, or of the share of members above normal, marked where the members split
  • For any point: every member month by month, the members above and below normal, and every variable at a glance

Copernicus C3S multi-system · ECMWF SEAS5

To 2100

Projection

How the climate of any place is projected to change, and how sure the models are.

  • The 34 CMIP6 models of the IPCC's Sixth Assessment, under four emissions pathways
  • Nine indicators: temperature, day highs and night lows, rain and snow, hot days, frost days, dry spells, and the energy needed to cool and to heat
  • The models' median, their range and their disagreements
  • For any point: its curve from 1950 to 2100, its warming stripes, and its climate twin, the city whose climate today is closest to its future
  • A quiz: guess the warming, find the twin

IPCC AR6 Interactive Atlas · CMIP6

Stories

Events

Dust storms, floods, cyclones, droughts, heatwaves and fires that made the news, told with the Lab's own maps.

  • 81 events on a world map, browsed by type
  • Happening now: tropical cyclones, deep lows and the heaviest rain over cities in the newest forecast, each opening the Lab there
  • Each one: what happened, the weather behind it, how unusual it was, and what it meant for people, with its references
  • Every view opens in the Lab, on the event's day and map, to look further yourself

Climaturk's maps and charts · referenced reports and studies

Across the Lab

  • Any country, a continent, the Arctic and Antarctica, or the whole globe
  • Save any map, chart or cross-section as a picture
  • A free account keeps your favourite places, settings and start view on every device
  • Measure distances and draw on the map: fronts, highs and lows, arrows and notes
  • Share a link that opens the Lab on the view on screen
  • Contours, wind and their density over any layer, in the map's own settings

Every data source is openly published; the list is below.

Data sources

Climaturk only uses data whose terms allow showing it on a public website. Here is every source, part by part, credited as its terms ask; a saved picture of the map names those it shows.

Forecast7ECMWF Open Data (IFS, IFS ensemble, AIFS) · NOAA GFS, GEFS and HRRR · DWD ICON-EU +4
  • ECMWF Open Data (IFS, IFS ensemble, AIFS)

    Used for: ECMWF's model runs: maps, meteograms and upper-air charts; the IFS and ensemble cyclone tracks in the Now mode

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • NOAA GFS, GEFS and HRRR

    Used for: NOAA's model runs, through NOAA's open data on AWS

    Licence: Public domain (US government)

  • DWD ICON-EU

    Used for: Deutscher Wetterdienst's European model

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • WRFTurk (WRF by NCAR)

    Used for: Climaturk's own run of the WRF model over western Türkiye (3 km, every 15 minutes, four runs a day), started from DWD ICON-EU

    Licence: Public domain (WRF); ICON-EU CC BY 4.0

  • NASA GPM IMERG Early

    Used for: The satellites' half-hourly rain estimate (0.1°, about four hours behind), set against WRFTurk's accumulated rain: maps, the difference and skill scores

    Licence: NASA open data, no restrictions

  • dynamical.org

    Used for: Cloud-ready copies of these model runs, read by the map and the charts

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • C3S seasonal multi-system · Copernicus Climate Change Service

    Used for: Seasonal forecasts of the C3S multi-system (ECMWF, UK Met Office, Météo-France, DWD, CMCC, NCEP, JMA, ECCC, BoM): monthly means of their members up to six months ahead, with their anomalies against 1993–2016

    Licence: CC BY 4.0; NCEP, JMA, ECCC and BoM data with the originating centre credited

Now (observations)20RainViewer · LibreWXR · NASA EOSDIS GIBS (GOES: NOAA, Himawari: JMA) +17
  • RainViewer

    Used for: Global radar composite (national radars), the last two hours

    Licence: Free API for personal and educational use, credited with a link

  • LibreWXR

    Used for: Storm cells on the radar

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • NASA EOSDIS GIBS (GOES: NOAA, Himawari: JMA)

    Used for: Satellite images over the Americas and the Pacific; aerosol and gas maps

    Licence: NASA open data, no restrictions

  • NOAA/NESDIS (GOES-19 and GOES-18, AWS Open Data)

    Used for: Natural colour and infrared over the Americas, the Atlantic and the East Pacific, made on our own satellite server every 10 minutes; lightning from their Geostationary Lightning Mappers (GLM), every 20 seconds

    Licence: US government data, public domain

  • Contains modified EUMETSAT Meteosat product

    Used for: Natural colour over Europe, Africa, the Middle East and the Indian Ocean (EUMETView: MTG GeoColour at 0°, Meteosat IODC natural colour enhanced); lightning from Meteosat's Lightning Imager (MTG-I1, EUMETSAT Data Store), every 10 minutes

    Licence: CC BY 4.0 (EUMETSAT Data Policy: Core data)

  • Cloud products / Imagery: NOAA/NESDIS, based on JMA Himawari observations

    Used for: Natural colour and infrared over East Asia, Australia and the West Pacific, made on our own satellite server every 10 minutes from JMA's data

    Licence: Produced by JMA, distributed freely by NOAA, with credit to JMA

  • NOAA nowCOAST (GOES)

    Used for: Near-live GOES infrared and water vapour over the United States, Mexico and the Caribbean

    Licence: US government data, public domain

  • NOAA NEXRAD / Iowa Environmental Mesonet

    Used for: Radar over the United States

    Licence: Public domain (US government)

  • Environment and Climate Change Canada

    Used for: Radar over Canada

    Licence: ECCC Data Server End-use Licence (open, with credit)

  • NOAA/NWS Aviation Weather Center

    Used for: Airport weather reports (METAR) worldwide

    Licence: Public domain (US government)

  • Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD)

    Used for: Synoptic station reports from Europe and Türkiye, with 24-hour rain

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • MeteoSwiss, GeoSphere Austria, FMI, SMHI, DMI, RMI

    Used for: National station networks of Switzerland, Austria, Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Belgium

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • NOAA NCEI IGRA2

    Used for: Radiosonde stations and archived soundings

    Licence: Public domain (US government)

  • GHS-POP, European Commission Joint Research Centre

    Used for: Where people live: the cities near which the “Happening now” list shows lows and heavy rain

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • NOAA National Hurricane Center

    Used for: Tropical cyclones in the Now mode (the storms, their tracks, official forecasts and cones in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific) and their names in Events' “Happening now” list

    Licence: Public domain (US government)

  • NOAA NWS Weather Prediction Center

    Used for: Surface analysis: fronts, highs and lows over North America and its oceans

    Licence: Public domain (US government)

  • NOAA National Weather Service

    Used for: The radiosonde soundings of stations that send TEMP reports

    Licence: Public domain (US government)

  • University of Wyoming

    Used for: The latest radiosonde soundings

    Licence: Free to use with credit

  • NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory

    Used for: Greenhouse gas and F-gas records at stations (CCGG, HATS)

    Licence: Public domain (US government)

  • OpenGHG

    Used for: Positions of the gas stations

    Licence: MIT licence

Climate12ERA5 · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), ECMWF · Climate indices · NOAA CPC, PSL and NCEI · Earthmover and Planette (AWS Open Data) +9
Projection1IPCC AR6 Interactive Atlas · CMIP6 (IFCA, CSIC-UC)
Maps and places6geoBoundaries · Natural Earth · Year-round North Atlantic-European Weather Regimes in ERA5 · C. M. Grams (Zenodo) +3
  • geoBoundaries

    Used for: Country outlines and their provinces; the close-up coasts and borders (CGAZ)

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • Natural Earth

    Used for: State and province lines of the large federal countries; the land of the Events world map

    Licence: Public domain

  • Year-round North Atlantic-European Weather Regimes in ERA5 · C. M. Grams (Zenodo)

    Used for: The seven weather regimes of Forecast's Regimes tab: their patterns, normalisation and index statistics (Grams et al. 2017, updated to ERA5)

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • IBTrACS v04 · NOAA NCEI

    Used for: Tropical cyclone tracks on the Events world map, and the tracks so far of the active storms in the Now mode

    Licence: Public domain

  • GeoNames

    Used for: City names and positions

    Licence: CC BY 4.0

  • Leaflet

    Used for: The map library

    Licence: BSD 2-Clause licence

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